What does the occupant load factor determine?

The occupant load factor is a key concept used in architecture and building design to establish the maximum number of occupants that can safely occupy a given space. It is determined based on the type of occupancy and the use of the building, as specified in building codes and regulations. This factor helps ensure that spaces are adequately designed to accommodate the expected number of people, which is essential for safety, comfort, and emergency egress planning.

For example, different types of spaces such as assembly areas, offices, and residential units have varying occupant load factors that reflect the density and usage of those areas. By calculating the total area of a space and dividing it by the applicable occupant load factor, architects and designers can determine the maximum allowable number of occupants. This is crucial for maintaining safety standards during peak occupancy situations, such as in emergencies, where safe evacuation routes must be available for all occupants.