What is the formula used to calculate the total costs for the proposed system?

The total costs for a proposed system are best represented by the formula that combines both the initial costs and the ongoing annual costs. Initial costs encompass all expenditures incurred at the start of the project, such as construction, equipment purchase, and other upfront investments. Annual costs represent recurring expenses that occur after the system is set up, including maintenance, operations, and any other operational expenditures that arise each year.

By adding these two components together, you arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the financial commitment associated with the system over time. This total cost assessment is crucial for budgeting, financial planning, and evaluating the long-term feasibility of the proposed system.

Other options do not effectively capture the true nature of total cost calculation as they either suggest incorrect operations or do not appropriately combine the necessary financial figures. The correct approach is a straightforward summation of both initial and annual costs to achieve a holistic view of the expenditure involved.